Kenwood TM-D710GE User Manual download pdf (Page 51)

APRS Networks 06

Packet Path

ItisnecessarytoconfronttheissueoffrequencycongestionduetothespreadofAPRSsystemsinordertoeciently

transferpacketdata.TheTM-D710supportsthecongurationsofNew-NParadigm,RELAYParadigmandSTATE/

SECTION/REGION.Overall,thisprovidesanecientmechanismfortransferringpackets.

New-N Paradigm

Appropriatecongurationisrequiredinordertodigipeatapacketpath(relayroute).New-NParadigmusingWIDEn-N

assigns an alias and a relay stage number for digipeaters. This system is mainly used by digipeaters in North America.

Japan is also using this system and it is spreading worldwide.

Forexample,whenyoudesirethreehops,thenyoucancongureTOTALHOPS:3.Oncecongured,youcanverifyby

using PATH IS VIA WIDE3‑3. Until recently, when a regional digipeater was wanted, RELAY was used but this is being

replacedbyWIDE1-1simplybyconguringOnviamenuselection.Again,youcanverifythatWIDE1-1orWIDE2-2was

used by using PATH IS VIA.

RELAY Paradigm

This is one of the digipeat types used in Europe. The old backwards compatible RELAY technique was included for

someareasthathavestillnotupdatedtotheuniversalNew-NParadigmusingtraceableWIDEn-N.Itallowstherst

hop to be via the RELAY path and then uses TRACEn‑N for subsequent hops. Most of the USA is using the New‑N

Paradigm. But Europe has not yet fully coalesced into a single common system as of this writing.

STATE/ SECTION/ REGION

In contrast to WIDEn‑N which generates packets equally in all directions, you can use STATE/SECTION/REGION to

restrictpacketstoonlyberelayedwithinthespeciedboundary.Abbreviations,suchastwoletterAZforArizonaor

three or four letter abbreviations such as NCA for Northern California, are used to specify the boundary.

Using these limited regions, it is possible for stations to set up special nets under special circumstances to communicate

over large distances without adding interference to other areas not involved. For example, using WIDE5‑5 from the

middle of Maryland would generate hundreds of packets of interference in 13 surrounding states! This is why nothing

larger than WIDE2‑2 is recommended. However, using MD5‑5 from anywhere within the state of Maryland will get from

any corner to every other corner of Maryland (maybe 13 digipeaters total and with no duplications) Thus a special

Maryland APRS net in support of disaster training can be held without bothering surrounding states.

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Kenwood TM-D710GE User Manual Page 51